課文詳注 Further notes on the text

1．The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me. 秘書告訴我說哈姆斯沃斯先生要見我。

would 在這里不是表示單純的過去將來時，而是表示“想……”、“要……”的意思：

What would you like to have?

你想要吃（喝）什么？

John wouldn't lend me his bicycle.

約翰不愿意把他的自行車借給我。

2．He did not look up from his desk when I entered. 我進去的時候，他連頭也沒抬。

在這句話的look up中，look是它的本義“看”、“瞧”。look up一般表示原先在埋頭干什么之后抬頭看：

He looked up(from his book)when he heard a noise.

他聽到聲音后就抬起了頭。（原先在讀書）

3．I knew that my turn had come. 我知道這次該輪到我了。

turn在這里是名詞，意為“輪流”、“輪班”、“（依次輪流時各自的）一次機會”：

I have already asked two questions. Now it's your turn.

我已經(jīng)問了兩個問題。該輪到你了。

When his turn came, he couldn't speak any word.

輪到他時，他卻一個字也說不出來。

4．‘Mr. Harmsworth,’I said in a weak voice.“哈姆斯沃斯先生，”我無力地說。

weak在這里不是指身體虛弱，而是指聲音“微弱”、“無力”，因為怕被開除而感到緊張。

5．Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!

然后他微笑了一下告訴我說，我每年將得到

1，000英鎊的額外收入。

（1）extra 表示“額外的”、“外加的”、“份外的”：

On Sundays, I usually get some extra sleep.

星期天我通常要多睡一會兒。

Last month, he was paid an extra hundred pounds.

他上個月多得了100英鎊。

（2）a在這里可譯為“每一”：

I went to London once a month.

我每月去一次倫敦。

Jack telephoned Pauline four times a day.

杰克天天給波琳打4次電話。

語法 Grammar in use

間接引語（Indirect speech）

把某人所說的話告訴另外一個人時，應該使用間接引語（有的語法書稱之為“轉述引語”）。引述動詞（如say，tell）可能是現(xiàn)在時，也可能是過去時（最常用）。間接陳述句的時態(tài)往往受引述動詞的影響。引述陳述句時最常用的動詞是say和tell。它們之間的區(qū)別是tell后面必須跟表示人稱的間接賓語（tell sb….），而say后面則可跟或不跟to +講話對象。假如需要提到聽話者，tell +間接賓語通常比say + to +sb. 更常用。在say和tell后面一般不可加逗號。假如間接引語中的引述動詞是現(xiàn)在時，那么其后的時態(tài)通常與原來口頭陳述句的時態(tài)相同。轉述剛剛說完的話時通常如此；引述動詞假如是過去時，那么間接引語中的時態(tài)通常要“往回移”（即“倒移”）。一條普遍的規(guī)則是“現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)檫^去時，過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時”。直接引語：

‘I can see him now!’

“我現(xiàn)在可以見他！”

 詞匯學習 Word study

 1．nervous adj.

（1）神經(jīng)質的，神經(jīng)緊張的：

She is a nervous woman. Do you see that nervous smile on her face?

她是個神經(jīng)質的女人。你看見她臉上那種神經(jīng)質的微笑了嗎？

（2）緊張的，擔心的，情緒不安的：

I feel very nervous before exams.

我在考試前感到非常緊張。

He had never spoken in public, so he was very nervous.

他從未當眾講過話，因此他非常緊張。

（3）與nervous輕易混淆的另一個詞是 irritable（易怒的，急躁的）：

Our teacher is an irritable old lady. She gets angry easily.

我們的老師是位脾氣急躁的老太太。她很輕易生氣。

2．a(chǎn)fford vt.

（1）買得起（常與can連用）：

We can/can't afford a car this year.

我們今年買得起/買不起小汽車。

（2）擔負得起（損失、后果等），花得起（時間）（常與can連用）：

I can't afford to be ill again.

我不能再病了。

I can only afford one week for the trip.

我只能為這次旅行抽出一周的時間。

（3）提供，給予：

Joe afforded us a room for the night.

那天晚上喬為我們提供了一個房間過夜。

練習答案 Key to written exercises

1．要害句型練習答案

A 1a The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me.

b‘Mr. Harmsworth will see you. ’

2 a Mr. Harmsworth said that business was very bad.

b ‘Business is very bad.’

3 a Mr. Harmsworth told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.

b ‘The firm cannot afford to pay such large salaries. ’

B 1 told… would come/would be coming

2 said…(had) cut

3 told… had never played

4 did he say…had done/would do

5 did he tell…(had) bought/would buy

6 said…could not

7 said…(had) worked

8 told…wrote/writes/had never written

9 did you say…were/had been

10 said…would wait

2．難點練習答案

1 study 2 office 3 nervous 4 afford 5 irritable

3．多項選擇題答案

1d 2b 3c 4b 5c 6d

7a 8d 9c 10c 11c 12b