小升初英語話題與語法匯總（二）

       13、個(gè)人情況

　　姓名、年齡、地址、特點(diǎn)與愛好

　　age, year, address, e-mail address, hobby,

　　hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming… doing sth

　　相關(guān)句型:

　　1) How old are you ? I'm thirteen years old.

　　2)  I'm a thirteen-year old boy.

　　3) What's your address?  I live at No.48 Renmin road.

　　4) What's your e-mail address?  My e-mail address is 123VIP@126.com.

　　5) What's your hobby?   My hobby is going running. Or : I like going running.

　　6) I /You/ They like music.

　　7) He likes sightseeing.

　　8) Do you like reading? Yes, I do. No, I don't.

　　9) Does he /she like playing basketball? Yes, he/she does.   No, he/she doesn't.

　　注意： 描述個(gè)人的喜好時(shí)：名詞和動(dòng)詞- ing 形式作賓語； 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞的變化。

　　動(dòng)詞ing的變化規(guī)律：

　　1）直接加ing ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, …

　　2）去掉詞尾不發(fā)音的e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, …

　　3）重讀閉音節(jié)的，雙寫最后的字母，加 ing , 如： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, …

　　主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律(與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)律相同)：

　　1） 直接加s， 如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes,…

　　2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 結(jié)尾+es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, …

　　3）輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改為i ，+es， 如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carries, …

　　4）以f或fe結(jié)尾，把f或fe，改為v+es.

　　5）特殊：have-has, …

　　14、家庭、親屬和朋友

　　姓名、年齡、地址、特點(diǎn)與愛好：與你的關(guān)系

　　words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend

　　相關(guān)句型:

　　1) Is he/she Tom's cousin?  Yes, he/she is.No, he/she isn't.

　　2) Who's he/she? He's/She's my friend.

　　3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they?

　　There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.

　　注意： 1）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，如：family-families;

　　名詞單數(shù)--復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)律:

　　1）直接加s， 如： boy-boys,  term-terms,

　　2) 以o, x, s, sh, ch 結(jié)尾+es , 如: box-boxes,  class-classes,  glass-glasses, coach-coaches, dress-dresses,  fax-faxes, inch-inches,  match-matches,

　　3） 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改為i ，+es， 如：baby-babies,  lady-ladies,  factory-factories, peach-peaches,  library-libraries, watch-watches ,

　　4） 以f或fe結(jié)尾，把f或fe，改為v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, …

　　5） 特殊: man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, goose-geese, tooth-teeth, foot-feet,

　　6) 不變: hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fish, sheep, …

　　2） 名詞所有格，表明是"誰的" 如： my cousin's , his parents'

　　它的構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 單數(shù)名詞后+" 's"， Mike's mother.

　　復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾有，其后只+" '"，Teachers' Da教師節(jié).

　　若是兩人共有時(shí)，只在后者+ "'s ",

　　Jim and Tom's mother.吉姆和湯姆的母親。

　　不是兩者所共有的，兩者都+ " 's ",

　　Jim's and Tom's mother.吉姆母親和湯姆的母親。

　　名詞若是無生命，所有格構(gòu)成用of,

　　a map of China.一幅中國地圖

　　15、學(xué)校

　　學(xué)校建筑和學(xué)校生活

　　words: school building, classroom, dormitory, playground, library…

　　subjects:  Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, biology, politics , history, meeting, geography…

　　相關(guān)句型:

　　1) What's your favourite subject?   English.

　　2) Where's the library?  It's behind the dormitory.

　　3) When do you go to school? At 7:20.

　　4) When does Chinese begin on Monday? At Eight o'clock.

　　5) Does geography begin at twenty to ten on Monday?Yes, it does.   No, it doesn't.

　　6) We're having an English class.