§Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西.巴頓斯

　　【New words and expressions】 生詞和短語

　　★beggar  n. 乞丐

　　beg v.乞求

　　I beg your pardon?

　　ask for :請求得到

　　beg for :乞求得到

　　★food  n. 食物　不可數

　　a lot of food

　　★pocket  n. 衣服口袋

　　inner pocket:內口袋

　　jacket pocket : 夾克的口袋

　　coat pocket : 大衣口袋

　　pocket book:袖珍書

　　pocket dictionary:袖珍詞典

　　pocket money : (小孩)零花錢

　　change:零錢

　　get exact change : 準備好正確的零花錢

　　beer money:(男孩)零花錢

　　pocket pick:車上的小偷

　　★call  v. 拜訪, 光顧

　　visit

　　call sb:給某人打電話

　　call up sb:給某人打電話

　　call back:回某人電話

　　Can you take a message for me?

　　Can you tell him to call back?

　　call on sb　拜訪某人

　　call at,at一般和地點相連

　　call at+地點＝visit someplace　拜訪某地

　　I will call on you.

　　I will call at your home.

　　call out =shout,大聲喊

　　call in sb:招集和邀請某人

　　For the project,the government called in a lot of experts.

　　【Text】

　　Lesson 6? Percy Buttons? 珀西·巴頓斯

　　First listen and then answer the question. 聽錄音, 然后回答以下問題.

　　Who is Percy Buttons?

　　I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.

　　參考譯文

　　我剛剛搬進了大橋街的一所房子. 昨天一個乞丐來敲我的門, 問我要一頓飯和一杯啤酒. 作為回報, 那乞丐頭頂地倒立起來, 嘴里還唱著歌. 我給了他一頓飯. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然后把一塊乳酪裝進衣袋里走了. 后來, 一位鄰居告訴了我他的情況. 大家都認識他, 他叫珀西.巴頓斯. 他每月對這條街上的每戶人家光顧一次, 總是請求給他一頓飯和一杯啤酒.

　　【課文講解】

　　move to :搬到

　　knock at:敲

　　knock at the door

　　knock at the window

　　beer[??????];bear[???]   注意讀音

　　ask sb for sth:問某人要什么東西; request for

　　for;為了這個目的去請求某人, sb更多的時候不出現, ask for sth

　　The boy asked (his parents省略)for money again/once more.

　　in return for this : 作為對什么的回報

　　in return:作為回報

　　He doesn't want anything in return.他不想得到任何回報

　　hospitality:熱情

　　I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality.

　　this 在代詞當中常常指代上文的一件事情

　　stood on his head : 倒立

　　stand on one's hands:用手著地(hand單數就是一只手, 雙手復數)

　　跪著, 膝蓋 : knees : stand on one's knees

　　躺著, 躺 : lie : lie in bed

　　lie on one's back:仰面躺著

　　lie on one's side:側躺

　　lie on one's stomach : 趴著

　　give him a meal

　　go away

　　later : 后來

　　tell sb about sth,about:關于, 通過其他事自己得出結論, tell you about him

　　tell sb sth:告訴某人某件事(把事情直接告訴), tell you the news

　　tell you the word

　　tell you about the word

　　everybody作為主語一定作單數看待, 屬于不定代詞

　　所有的不定代詞作為主語一律為單數看待 : somebody anybody everything等

　　calls at every house

　　in the street英國寫/on the street美國寫

　　once a month:一個月一次, 單位表達方式

　　a.表示每月一次, 計量單位 “/”

　　five kilometers an hour

　　ask for,是ask sb for sth的省略

　　Percy Buttons? a beggar

　　He calls at every house in the street once a month and asks for a meal and a glass of bear

　　【Key structures】　關鍵句型

　　a,the和some

　　a:單數, 可數名詞

　　the:可加單數/復數, 還可加不可數名詞, 加在什么名詞前面都對

　　some:只能加在不可數名詞的前面或可數名詞復數的前面

　　a和the的區別

　　a是泛指, a man;特指, the man

　　在文章當中第一次出現名詞的時候往往用a和an修飾, 第二次出現的時候用the

　　在表示一種籠統概念的陳述句中可以省略a和some

　　Yesterday I bought a book,Books are not very expensive.

　　籠統概念 : 某某一類/一種東西

　　I have just drunk a glass of milk ,Milk is  very refreshing.

　　I ate an apple./Apples are delicious.

　　I like oranges.Would you like some oranges?

　　Mrs.Jones bought a bag of flour,a bag of sugar,and some tea.

　　She always buys flour,sugar and tea at the grocer's

　　a和the

　　A man is walking towards me.The man is carrying a parcel.The parcel

　　is full of meat.

　　Names

　　We cannot put a or the in front of names

　　表示某某一類人當中, 具有這種特征當中的一個, a Mr.zhang

　　【Special Difficulties】 難點

　　某些動詞的后面加上介詞或副詞以后就會改變詞義, 這種新的組合稱作短語動詞

　　put:放, put on

　　take:拿走, take off

　　look:看, look at:看, look for:尋找, look afrer:照顧, look out:當心

　　call : call at,call on,call in ,call back,call for(a.去取某物, 去接某人b.需要 : The problem calls for immediate action 這個問題需要立即采取行動)

　　knock : knock at:敲, knock off,knock over,knock out

　　knock off:下班, He knocked off earlier.

　　knock sth off+地點, knock the vase off the table

　　knock off:打折, knock 10% off the price.

　　knock over,A car knocked the boy over.

　　如果有地點, off; 無地點, over,I knocked the boy off the bicycle.

　　Exercises  A

　　1? He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer ______ .

　　2? This flowerpot is broken, Who knocked it ______ ?

　　3? I knocked ______ early yesterday and went to a football match.

　　4? Listen! Someone is knocking ______ the window!

　　1...out...

　　knock out :打暈, boxer:拳擊手

　　在拳擊場合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(專用術語)

　　2...over...

　　無地點

　　3...off...

　　4...at...

　　Exercises  B

　　1? The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and now he is unconscious.

　　2? At what time do you finish work every day?

　　3? The shopkeeper reduced the price of all his goods by 20%.

　　1  knock out 2  knock off 3  knock 10% off the price of all the goods

　　【Multiple choice questions】多項選擇題

　　5? A neighbour told me about him. He ______ Percy Buttons was a beggar.

　　a.told b.said me c.told to me d.said

　　5...D...

　　say說/tell告訴

　　He says + 句子; He says+that+句子; say to sb.

　　tell sb.+句子 : tell sb.+that+句子

　　He said to me/he told me

　　Percy Buttons 作為從句的主語

　　一個簡單句只有一個主語一個動詞

　　He told me Percy Bottons was a Beggar.

　　6? Everybody knows him ______ know him.

　　a.They all b.Each c.Every d.All they

　　they all(對)/all they(錯)

　　all of us/all of them

　　我們所有人　all of us,we all

　　each/every 每一個

　　each:強調個體; every 強調整體

　　every adj.+n. 每一個(書, 本, 人等)

　　each adj.&pron.:each adj.+n;  each pron.直接作主語或者賓語

　　every person likes...

　　each person likes.../each likes...

　　every 不能做主語; each 強調個體, 使用第三人稱單數

　　7? ______ does he call? Once a month.

　　a.How seldom b.How long c.How soon d.How often

　　once a month:每月一次, 屬于頻率

　　對頻率提問 : how often

　　提問多久 : how long

　　提問次數 : how many times

　　How many times do you visit your mother each month?

　　How long do you visit your mother?對時間提問

　　How often do you visit your mother?對時間和次數提問

　　How soon 多久以后

　　How soon will you finish your homework?

　　8? A beggar is a person who ______ .

　　a.asks for money but doesn't work b.asks for food

　　c.works hard d.is out of work

　　out of work 失業

　　I am out of work,/I lose my job.

　　10? She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the ______ of cheese in his pocket.

　　a.bit b.bar c.block d.packet

　　10...A...

　　piece of:a piece of cheese 一塊奶酪

　　bit : a bit of /a piece of 在英文中經常互用

　　bar: a bar of chocolate---一塊巧克力

　　bar 門閂 : 長條狀 : a bar of chocolate;　a bar of soap

　　block 塊, 一大塊: block v.堵塞; block n.房子

　　packet:一包

　　a piece of.../a bit of...

　　12? All the houses in our ______ are the same age and size.

　　a.street b.way c.road d.route

　　12...A...

　　same age and size 同年代同樣式

　　street 兩邊有房子的街道, 強調城市里的街道

　　way, on the way,in the way 擋住某人的路(強調方向)

　　road 路的通稱 : road home 通往家的路 (張藝謀的影片《我的父親母親》的英文名)

　　route 路線

　　〖語法精粹〗

　　1.How can you___b____if you are not ____?

　　A.listening/hearing

　　B.hear/listening

　　C.be listening/hear

　　D.be hearing/listening to

　　listen聽/hear聽見

　　如果你不聽, 怎么可能聽見呢?

　　be　不能加動詞原形; be+ -ed/-ing

　　can+動詞原形

　　2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she__D__her homework.

　　A.will finish

　　B.is finishing

　　C.had finished

　　D.finishes

　　won't=will not

　　狀語從句中, 用一般現在時取代將來時.

　　3.Those who have applied for the post__A__in the office.(此題超前)

　　A.are being interviewed  B.are interviewing

　　C.interviewing (光動詞+ing不能構成謂語)  D.to be interviewing (不定式不能構成謂語動詞)

　　apply for 申請

　　who 在名詞后面, 引導定語從句

　　interview 面試

　　從句(have applied for)現在完成時, 主句缺少謂語動詞

　　A.are being interviewed　被動

　　B.are interviewing　　　 主動

　　在英文中, 只能領導對員工面試, 員工只能被面試

　　4.The old scientist __C___to do more for the country.

　　A.is wishing  B.has been wishing.  C.wishes

　　D.has been wished  從語法上說合理, 但不合情

　　scientist 科學家; wish 希望

　　表示狀態、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用于進行時態.

　　wish sb.to do

　　5.If he___B___,don't wake him up.

　　A.still sleeps  B.is still sleeping  C.still had been sleeping  D.will be sleeping still

　　if——一般用一般現在式

　　如果他在睡覺的話, 不要吵醒他

　　關于時態的把握 : 1.關鍵詞2.上下文3.潛在含義

　　now　現在進行時

　　often,always 一般現在時

　　just,already 現在完成時

　　last week,last summer...一般過去時

 

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